Imagine that you have decided to use shaping to teach a rat to press a lever. For shaping to be effective, you should be sure to withhold any reinforcement until the rat completely depresses the lever

Researchers who study young drivers have found that ____________________________

a. increased parental monitoring does not reduce automobile accidents because adolescents spend so much time with their friends b. graduated driver licensing (GDL) is an excellent approach to reducing automobile accidents c. inexperience is the only factor found to be significantly correlated with accidents and fatalities d. the best way to reduce car accidents and fatalities is for parents to encourage their children to gain more experience driving with their friends who have taken driver's education and who will serve as role models for safe driving

What is the cause of Williams syndrome?

a) Lesioning of the prefrontal cortex. b) Having only one sex chromosome. c) A deletion of part of chromosome 7. d) A loss of oxygen to the brain during birth. e) Trisomy of the 21st chromosome.