Of the following subject variables, which variable is least likely to be selected by an researcher conducting a psychological experiment?

Charles Darwin revolutionized biology by offering natural selection as an explanation for how physical characteristics of species evolved. How has his work influenced contemporary psychology?

a. It shows that the biological approach to studying psychology is most important. b. Natural selection has encouraged people to think more scientifically in general. c. Evolutionary thought shows that psychology must be limited to study of humans. d. Darwin applied his theory to behaviors such as emotional expressions, showing that natural selection is an important factor in understanding psychology.

As a major exam approaches, a teacher who is hoping to reduce stereotype threat and promote an incremental theory of intelligence would most likely:

a. remind test takers that males tend to do poorly on the problems. b. remind students that they inherited their IQ from their parents. c. cite research of a recent study showing that a particular gene is linked to IQ. d. let students know that hard work is the best way to prepare for the exam.