Urged on by his trouble-making friends, John robs a bank. When the police arrest him for the robbery, John expresses shock that he could have done such a thing. Through his hasty commitment to his "friends," John has undergone the process of ______

The Stanford-Binet intelligence test

a. should be administered only to children, not to adults. b. consists of both cognitive and motor tasks. c. requires examinees to attempt all questions on the test. d. can be administered either individually or in a group.

Kyla wants to make sure that her dog Axel does not beg for food from the table. Every time that Axel begs, Kyla says, "No," in a sharp, scolding voice and she never gives in. Kyla is using ________

a. positive punishment b. negative reinforcement c. stimulus generalization d. negative punishment