Cassidy writes a check to pay for her groceries. She is using ______.

Karen, Tara, and Chelsea each buy ice cream and paperback novels to enjoy on hot summer days. Ice cream costs $5 per gallon, and paperback novels cost $8 each. Karen has a budget of $80, Tara has a budget of $60, and Chelsea has a budget of $40 to spend on ice cream and paperback novels. Who can afford to purchase 8 gallons of ice cream and 5 paperback novels?

a. Karen, Tara, and Chelsea b. Karen only c. Tara and Chelsea but not Karen d. none of the women

If the price of beef rises and consumers buy more chicken and less beef, what kind of bias does the consumer price index exhibit?