The adoption of the QWERTY keyboard in the early days of mechanical typewriters, with its continued use today, has been suggested as a metaphor for:

Since the end of World War II,

A) tariffs around the world fell substantially. B) agricultural subsidies were significantly reduced. C) most nations began to apply tariffs uniformly across all industries. D) tariffs increased in low-income countries and fell a small percentage in high-income countries.

In the Malthusian model, state-mandated population control policies are likely to

A) decrease the equilibrium size of the population and increase the equilibrium level of consumption per worker. B) decrease the equilibrium size of the population and have no effect on the equilibrium level of consumption per worker. C) have no effect on the equilibrium size of the population and increase the equilibrium level of consumption per worker. D) have no effect on either the equilibrium size of the population or the equilibrium level of consumption per worker.