Which of the following are features of an ideal heat and moisture exchanger (HME)? 1. High compliance 2. Minimal dead space 3. 70% or higher efficiency 4. Minimal flow resistance
a. 1 and 3 only
b. 2, 3, and 4 only
c. 2 and 4 only
d. 1, 2, 3, and 4
ANS: A
The ideal HME should operate at 70% efficiency or better (providing at least 30 mg/L water va-por); use standard connections; have a low compliance; and add minimal weight, dead space, and flow resistance to a breathing circuit.
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