A(n) _______________ specifies the phenomena of interest; indicates which variables are independent, alternative, antecedent, intervening, and dependent; and shows which variables are thought to affect which other ones.

According to the logic of the tragedy of the commons as described in Hardin's piece, why will herdsmen keep adding cattle to the pasture even if they realize that the results will be disastrous?

a. They are not behaving rationally. b. It is in their rational self-interest as individuals to do so. c. They cannot understand the consequences of their actions. d. They are not in possession of all the information they need to make a more rational decision.

Why has Congress limited the growth of judicial salaries, and what are some of the dangers of this policy?

What will be an ideal response?