List and explain Hofstede's five dimensions of national culture

What will be an ideal response?

Answer: Geert Hofstede developed one of the most widely referenced approaches to helping managers better understand differences between national cultures. His research found that countries vary on five dimensions of national culture.
a. Individualism versus collectivism - Individualism refers to a social framework where people look after their own interests and those of their immediate family. The opposite of this is collectivism, that is characterized by a social framework where people expect others in the group that they are a part of to look after them and to protect them when they are in trouble.
b. Power distance - A high power distance society accepts wide differences in power in organizations. Employees show a great deal of respect for those in authority. On the other hand, a low power distance society plays down inequalities. Employees in a low power distance organization are not afraid to approach their boss.
c. Uncertainty avoidance - A society that is high in uncertainty avoidance is threatened with ambiguity and characterized by a high level of anxiety among its people. A society that is low in uncertainty avoidance is comfortable with taking risks and is also tolerant of different behavior and opinions.
d. Achievement and nurturing - Achievement is the degree to which values such as assertiveness, the acquisition of money and material goods, and competition prevail. Nurturing is an attribute that emphasizes relationships and concern for others.
e. Long-term and short-term orientation - People in a long-term orientation society look to the future and value thrift and persistence. People in short-term orientation societies value the past and emphasize respect for tradition.