Which of the following statements is an accurate description of the universal suffrage movement?
a. It began shortly after the Civil War when President Andrew Johnson permitted whites to determine how the South would reconstruct itself, and in response southern governments created laws to maintain white power, including laws to keep blacks from voting.
b. It began in the 1950s with grassroots mobilization involving powerful speeches, nonviolent methods of protest, and boycotts to draw attention to the lack of civil rights among people due to the lack of universal suffrage.—
c. Beginning in the early twentieth century, groups like the NAACP began advocating for universal suffrage through litigation in the courts.
d. Beginning in the nineteenth century, activists lobbied legislators, gave public speeches, organized protest marches and demonstrations, endured arrest and jail, and went on hunger strikes to draw attention to the need for it.
d
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The "method" section
a. is omitted in many publications due to its tedious nature. b. contains a description of the statistical tests used and the results of those tests. c. is complete if it meets the "criterion of replication." d. describes how you arrived at your specific hypothesis.
In which case did the Supreme Court hold that if a statement was made by a suspect without proper Miranda warnings, it still could be used to discredit his or her testimony at a trial?
A) Harris v. New York B) Engel v. Vitale C) Schenck v. United States D) Sweat v. Painter E) none of the above