Dr. Bigg has been treating Joshua, a man with panic disorder and moderate depression, weekly for two years, and between therapy sessions they often trade e-mail messages relating to Joshua's symptoms. Over that two-year span, Joshua's symptoms have been consistent; there's no evidence that he's gotten better or has been prevented from getting worse. How would you assess this situation from the

standpoint of the APA Ethical Principles?

a. Dr. Bigg is breaching the ethical guidelines by trading e-mail messages with the client between sessions.
b. Dr. Bigg is breaching the ethical guidelines by failing to terminate the treatment and refer Joshua elsewhere.
c. Dr. Bigg is breaching the ethical guidelines in this case by offering individual therapy rather than less expensive group therapy.
d. There's no evidence that Dr. Bigg is breaching any ethical guideline in this case.

B