To encourage gender, age, racial, and ethnic diversity, the National Institutes of Health require all grant applications to include __________ for traditionally underrepresented groups

What is evaluated by the chi-square test for goodness of fit?

a. The relationship between two variables b. The mean differences between two or more treatments c. The shape or proportions for a population distribution d. None of the other options are evaluated by the chi-square test.

The _____ is best explained by Tolman's statement that learning can occur in the absence of any behavioral change, but motivation is necessary for learning to be translated into performance

a. learning continuum b. learning-performance distinction c. cognitive purposive expression d. learning and performance drive expectation