Why would Kenge, a Pygmy who lived in the Belgian Congo, have difficulty with size constancy?
a) Living in a dense forest limited exposure to long distances.
b) The cells of the retina degenerated as a result of dietary deficiencies.
c) An inherited defect caused the lens to become stiff and made accommodation difficult.
d) It was more important to focus on upward movements rather than movements at distances in order to survive.
ANS: a
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Benson, a black lab, had learned to associate two stimuli with getting taken for a walk,
his owner getting out his leash, and his owner getting out a belt. Every time his owner picked up his belt, Benson would jump around and get excited. His owner wanted Benson to stop that so he repeatedly took out his belt without taking Benson for a walk, and always took him for a walk when getting out his leash. He was teaching Benson to _____ a) generalize. b) extinguish. c) discriminate. d) learn preferentially.
Twenty years ago, most psychology textbooks described psychology as the "study of behavior." Today, most of these describe psychology as the "study of behavior and mental processes." This definitional change can in large part be attributed to the impact
of ______ psychology. a. behavioral b. humanistic c. cognitive d. existential