Jacob notices a snake slithering up the river bank while he is fishing. The thalamus of Jacob's brain immediately stimulates his autonomic nervous system, which, in turn, increases the rate of his breathing and heartbeat. At the same time, Jacob's brain sends signals to his cerebral cortex which causes Jacob to perceive the emotional experience of fear. Consequently, Jacob experiences both fear and the physiological changes in his body at the same time. This scenario complies with the

If a response has been learned through conditioning, it would be appropriate to treat it using the process of

A) stimulus-stimulus expectancy. B) spontaneous recovery. C) displacement. D) extinction.

Given the difficulties with experimental control of field research, which of the following statements is the best explanation for their continued use in psychological research?

a. Field research is easier to do than laboratory research. b. Field research addresses important issues that are not studied by laboratory researchers. c. It is important for both theoretical and practical reasons to know whether the results obtained in the laboratory can also be observed in the natural environment. d. The results of field research are easier to interpret than the results of laboratory research.