Modernism ended in 1945 with the closing of World War II

Tintoretto's The Miracle of the Slave uses a Mannerist style of space in

a) the sharply foreshortened St. Mark, who descends from above. b) the composition defined by two parallel, expressive, sweeping curves. c) the symmetrical arrangement of the crowd surrounding the saint. d) a composition defined by a square and a triangle.

Although the first three Crusades were political and religious failures, they succeeded in

a) stimulating Western trade with the East. b) creating a Christian area in Jerusalem. c) uniting Christians and Jews in a common cause. d) introducing European culture to the Middle East.