Keynesian economics
a. affirms the classical economists' basic premise concerning competitive markets
b. believes that monopolies and unions tend to be permanent fixtures in our economy and the prices they create tend to be flexible, at least downward
c. emphasizes that an economy can never be in equilibrium at less than full employment
d. prefers to emphasize aggregate supply over aggregate demand
e. believes that unemployment results when aggregate demand is insufficient to reach a full-employment level of real GDP
E
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What is likely to happen in a used-car market if the buyers feel that the best they can do is to buy a lemon?
A) The sellers of gems reap high profits. B) Higher gains from trade are realized. C) The entire market shuts down. D) The sellers of lemons earn high profits.
By the time Paul Volcker took office as the new Federal Reserve chairman in 1979, the inflation rate exceeded 10%. By 1982 the unemployment rate soared to 9.7% and inflation was cut to 6.2%
By the end of 1986 the unemployment rate was brought down to 7% and the inflation rate was brought further down to 1.9%. Which of the following is an appropriate description of the mechanism behind the Volcker Disinflation? A) The AD curve shifted right due to the autonomous tightening of monetary policy which explains the lowering of the unemployment rate between 1982 and 1986. B) With the Federal Reserve raising interest rates, the AD curve shifted to the left lowering the equilibrium level of inflation but inducing a negative output gap, which explains the lower inflation rate between 1979 and 1982 at the cost of a higher unemployment rate over the same period. C) The LRAS curve shifted left due to the tightening of monetary policy generating a positive output gap or a negative unemployment gap which explains the lowering of the unemployment rate between 1982 and 1986. D) all of the above E) none of the above