At what age do infants begin making one-syllable utterances?

Which of these illustrates ineffective punishment?

a) Mom catches Joey pulling the cat's tail and makes him sit in the corner immediately. b) Dad punishes Joey for writing on the wall and then shows him how to write on a paper tablet. c) Mom doesn't let Joey escape his punishment even though he promises never to do "it" again. d) Dad feels bad about punishing Joey so he gives a stern warning and threatens worse next time.

Which best describes what is normally included in informed consent?

A) Once individuals agree to participate, they must complete the study. B) Individuals are told about the incentives of the study. C) Individuals are told about the benefits and risks of the study, not procedures. D) Individuals are informed about procedures, risks, and benefits of the study.