In a study described in the textbook, participants memorized either words such as neat or disrespectful before reading an ambiguous passage about Donald,
in which he was described as engaging in a number of recreational activities (e.g., driving in a demolition derby, white-water rafting) in which he had risked injury and even death. How did these words influence the impressions of Donald?
a. They made the impression of his behavior appear more extreme.
b. They did not affect the impression of him because they were not related to his behavior.
c. They helped make the impression of Donald more sympathetic.
d. They made the impression of Donald more negative.
Answer: B
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Socially defined behaviors that are considered appropriate for individuals because they hold certain positions in a group or society are called __________
a) social roles. b) social identities. c) social mores. d) social norms.
When an individual's beliefs or ideas about a particular situation conflict with the reality of that situation, they can experience what is known as __________
a) source confusion. b) cognitive dissonance. c) coaction effects. d) individuation.