Which of the following physiologic changes would the therapist expect a patient to experience as a result of being mechanically ventilated with positive pressure? I. increased right ventricular afterload II. decreased left ventricular afterload III. decreased pulmonary vascular resistance IV. increased systemic vascular resistance
A. I, II only
B. I, III only
C. II, IV only
D. III, IV only
?ANS: A
A. Correct response: For a relaxed patient receiving a positive-pressure breath, nearly all of the individual mechanical effects are invoked with each inspiration. Pleural pressure increases would tend to (1) decrease venous return, (2) decrease left ventricular afterload, (3) increase lung volume, (4) increase right ventricular afterload, (5) increase pulmonary vascular resistance, and (6) increase or decrease blood flow into the left atrium depending on the overall fluid volume status.
B. Incorrect response: See explanation A.
C. Incorrect response: See explanation A.
D. Incorrect response: See explanation A.
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