Beginning in middle childhood, a common fear is

Use of infant-directed speech _______________________

a. is less common outside the developed countries b. leads to slower development of language than the style of language typically spoken with adults c. involves speaking in a lower than normal tone and using less repetition than in normal speech d. has been shown to be less interesting to babies than normal speech; a reason why many parents do not use this type of "baby talk"

After watching a news report that stated American children do not get enough sleep, you become worried because your son, who is 2 years old, is only sleeping 13 hours a day—12 at night and a one-hour nap

Which of the following statements is supported by research? a. Your son sleeps less than the average amount and he needs more sleep. b. Your son sleeps more than the average amount and you should speak to your pediatrician. c. Your son sleeps the average amount and you should not be worried. d. Sleep research is inconsistent; therefore, this news story is invalid.