Recall that Aronson and Carlsmith (1963) told preschoolers that they were not allowed to play with a toy that the children had already rated as more attractive than other toys
Half of the children were threatened with mild punishment if they disobeyed, and the other half with severe punishment. When the experimenter left the room, none of the children played with the forbidden toy. When the experimenter returned and asked the children to rate all the toys again, those children who received
a. mild threats reduced their dissonance by rating the forbidden toy as less attractive than before.
b. severe threats increased their dissonance by rating the forbidden toy as more attractive than before.
c. mild threats increased their dissonance by rating the toy as more attractive than before.
d. severe threats reduced their dissonance by rating the toy as less attractive than before.
Answer: A
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In gym class, Emily is randomly assigned to the "Hawks" group, which plays on the basketball court while the "Wolves" group plays on the baseball field. Later, Emily gives cookies to other Hawks but not to any Wolves. This is an example of
A) social dominance orientation. B) realistic group conflict theory. C) implicit stereotyping as a result of a minimal intergroup intervention. D) ingroup bias as a result of a minimal intergroup intervention.
Regarding client-centered therapy, which of the following statements is FALSE?
a. The client is encouraged to actively seek to solve his or her own problems. b. The client determines what will be discussed during each session. c. The therapist uses a directive approach to delve into the client's unconscious conflicts. d. The therapist's job is to create an "atmosphere of growth" and not to "fix" the client.