Not until Congress passed the ____ in 1965 did the federal government begin to enforce the right of African Americans to vote

After the election of 2008, the White House and the Congress were

a. both controlled by the Republicans. b. both controlled by the Democrats. c. each controlled by different parties reflecting divided government. d. both turned over to the opposite party reflecting the start of a new party era. e. divided with one party controlling the White House and the Senate and the opposition party controlling the House of Representatives.

Even when there is no empirical evidence of a policy’s effectiveness, it can be defended:

a. On theoretical grounds. b. Based on professional wisdom. c. On moral grounds. d. All of these choices.