When a certain response must be made in order to make a reinforcer available, the arrangement is called

Two-year-old Danny's parents are horrified by what they see outside their home: Danny is urging a skunk to come into the house by saying "Here, kitty, kitty." Which cognitive process is illustrated by this behavior?

a) egocentrism b) assimilation c) accommodation d) symbolic representation

The Concepts of Development Vignettes are used to assess parental knowledge and

assumptions about children in general. What is one common finding resulting from studies using this method? A) Parents that more readily accept cultural beliefs regarding children from their own culture frequently show the most advanced thinking about children. B) Parents that more readily accept certain customs from multiple cultures show the most advanced thinking about children. C) Parents show more advanced thinking on this measure if they abandon their beliefs they have acquired from their own culture regarding children. D) That parental knowledge about children is unstable over time and not tied to how parents treat their own children.