Chloe tests an intervention for kindergartners who become upset and refuse to attend school. She has found it works well in the small rural school for her first study and is now testing it in other settings such as the suburbs and in inner-city schools. In doing so, she is addressing ____ validity

What does top down approach mean vs bottom up approach?

What will be an ideal response?

Generalizing from research presented in the text, if a 4-year-old was observed speaking to a 2-year-old, what kind of speech would the 4-year-old be most likely to use:

a. the same kind of speech he uses when talking to his mother b. the same kind of speech he uses when talking to his older brother c. the same kind of speech he uses when talking to his preschool teacher d. a simpler version of his normal speech