A friend of yours has a problem. His teacher has assigned him to make a presentation on problem solving and reasoning, but he doesn't know where to begin. You suggest that he might start with how problems are defined,
how researchers might study problem solving, and why people have difficulty solving problems. Then, he might compare and contrast deductive and inductive reasoning, and show how people use heuristics when making judgments and decisions. Summarize what your friend's presentation might look like.
What will be an ideal response?
Answer: Define problem solving in terms of problem spaces and processes. Define algorithms and think-aloud protocols. Include the idea that we can more easily find new solutions if we are very aware of the old ones and do not have to use many resources remembering the well-used approaches. Include definitions of inductive and deductive reasoning and how they complement one another.
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