One of the basic elements of sociologist Everett Roger's Diffusion theory is the concept of an "adoption process." The first step in this adoption process is:

If a court proceeds to confirm a probate sale, the first additional bid must be what percent above the original bid?

a. 5% on the first $10,000, 3% on the remainder b. 5% on the first $10,000 and any amount on the remainder c. 10% on the first $10,000, 5% on the remainder d. 10% on the first $10,000 and any amount on the remainder

Which layer in an OSI data communication networking model ensures that data passed up to the application layer is in a format understandable to that layer?

A) application layer B) presentation layer C) transport layer D) network layer