Dong Qichang wrote an essay that divided the history of Chinese painting into two schools. Name the schools and the characteristics of each

What will be an ideal response?

Answer: The ideal answer should include:
1. The two schools are called the northern and southern schools, although the spirit of the work, not geography, determined an artist's school.
2. The northern school is conservative and traditional in approach.
3. The northern school is a refined and decorative in a style that emphasizes technical skill, rich color, and reliance on traditional Chinese painting.
4. The southern style is unorthodox and inventive, concerned with the mind rather than with physical reality.