Because smoking alters the body's ability to mount a host response, how does periodontal inflammation present itself in a smoker?
A) Red, swollen gingival margins, with profuse bleeding
B) Smooth tissue with minimal bleeding
C) Smooth tissue with profuse bleeding
D) Tight and firm margins with pyramidal papilla
B
Explanation: B) Smoking alters the body's ability to mount a host response at both the local and systemic levels by changes in vasculature. These changes manifest as reduced bleeding upon probing, potentially causing misinterpretation of periodontal health, and reduction of oxygen in the periodontal pocket, which may alter subgingival flora.
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A 40-year-old woman with a history of bee sting allergies used her epinephrine auto-injector about 15 minutes ago. She initially had some relief from her difficulty breathing. Now she tells you it is getting more difficult to breathe, and she is feeling light-headed. You should:
A) ask her if she is sure it was a bee sting. B) irrigate the sting site with water. C) ask her if she has a second dose of epinephrine and assist her in using it. D) assume the auto-injector had expired and was not effective.
____ provides positive airway pressure during the entire spontaneous breath and it does not include any mechanical breaths.
A. NPPV B. Bilevel Positive Airway Pressure C. PEEP D. Continuous positive airway pressure