Which of the following behavior is most likely to increase defensiveness?

The deterioration of research instruments or methods over the course of a study is called:

a) Maturation b) Mortality c) Instrument decay d) Statistical regression

Goodall, Wilson, and Waagen warn that communication between "superiors" and "subordinants" in reviews may lead to ________.

A. a defensive climate B. ritual forms of address C. inappropriate etiquette D. organizational stereotypes