When Terry hears a fire alarm, she knows from the drills that she has been through for the last 15 years that she should calmly exit the building using the stairs. Terry has a mental model of how to respond based on

One way to ensure effectiveness in the understanding stage of the listening process is to paraphrase the speaker's ideas

Indicate whether the statement is true or false.

In her speech about the new New York Times building in midtown Manhattan, Pam used a _____ for a presentational aid because she wanted the class to see an exact reproduction of the building.

a. actual object b. photograph c. model d. map