Which statement most accurately describes the progression of peer group structures through adolescence?
A) Same-sex cliques combine into crowds that evolve into heterosexual cliques and associations of couples.
B) Crowds dissolve into cliques that reorganize into heterosexual pairs.
C) Reputation-based groups become identity prototypes that will become either cliques or crowds.
D) Peers separate from cliques to form broader groups based on interests.
A
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According to the discussion of metamemory, children who are between the ages of about 5 and 10 typically
a. believe that they need to make an effort if they genuinely want to remember something. b. underestimate how well they will perform on a memory test. c. were only slightly more confident about the items they had answered correctly, compared to their confidence about the items they had answered incorrectly. d. use appropriate memory strategies if they realize that they don't know the material.
Which situation best illustrates the placebo effect?
a) You sleep because you are tired. b) You are given a vaccination to prevent diphtheria. c) You have surgery to repair a defective heart valve. d) You drink a nonalcoholic drink and become "intoxicated" because you think it contains alcohol.