Which of the following conditions appear to have potential application of HFV to the adult population? I. pulmonary air leaks II. cardiac dysfunction III. closed head injuries IV. extracorporeal shockwave lithotripsy
A. II, III only
B. I, II, III only
C. I, II, IV only
D. II, III, IV only
ANS: C
A. Incorrect response: See explanation C.
B. Incorrect response: See explanation C.
C. Correct response: Several potential applications for HFV appear to exist. First, the reduced peak pressure and faster rate can alter ventilation distribution and improve gas exchange in patients with large pulmonary air leaks. Second, although cardiac function is generally not affected by HFV compared with conventional ventilation at a given mean airway pressure, synchronizing the HFV pressures with cardiac systole appears to benefit stroke volume in patients with severe cardiac dysfunction. Third, reduced thoracoabdominal motion during anesthesia with the use of HFV has been useful in extracorporeal shockwave lithotripsy by minimizing stone motion and procedure time.
D. Incorrect response: See explanation C.
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