Parents may successfully shape a complex behavior in their child, such as tying shoelaces
or riding a bicycle. However, the eventual and more efficient form of the behavior will be
the result, not of parental shaping, but shaping by
a. natural selection.
b. expert models.
c. natural contingencies.
d. successive approximations.
e. punishers rather than reinforcers.
c. natural contingencies.
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During the 1970s,
a. books on the psychology of women were actually less available than they had been in the 1960s. b. researchers began to investigate many new questions about the psychology of women. c. researchers realized that the issue of gender was really much more straightforward than they had previously realized. d. most psychologists realized that women had difficulties because their situations were at fault.
Regarding free recall of a list of items, which of the following will most likely cause the recency effect to disappear by preventing rehearsal from taking place?
a. Inserting a 30-second delay before recall b. Presenting the stimulus list at a slower pace c. Counting backward for 30 seconds before recall d. Using a very long list (greater than 30 items at one item per second)