Using original examples from personal experience, discuss the three subsystems of working memory.
What will be an ideal response?
The answer might include definitions and examples as follows:
The three subsystems of working memory serve as storage-and-rehearsal systems: the visual store, the verbal store, and the episodic buffer.
The visual store specializes in visual and spatial information. For instance, one can construct mental maps and visualize landmarks and locations with the help of the visual store.
The verbal store holds and manipulates material relating to language, including speech, words, and numbers. For instance, one can retain a 10-digit phone number as long as one keeps repeating the number to oneself.
The episodic buffer contains information that represents events and occurrences that happen to us. For instance, the episodic buffer, when directed by the central executive, enables one to calculate the exact change one should receive if one pays $20 for an item that costs $13.
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Which of the following statements is correct about the current research on the tip-of-the-tongue phenomenon?
a. Monolingual adults and bilingual adults are equally likely to report this phenomenon. b. People are fairly accurate in guessing the number of syllables in the target word, but they are less accurate in guessing the target word's first letter. c. The phenomenon seems to be limited to the English language. d. Research in languages that have grammatical gender shows that people can typically identify the gender of the target word.
A weakness of experimental studies is that
a. they cannot be used to determine cause and effect. b. results may not be representative of real-life behavior. c. they cannot be used in a laboratory setting. d. they are usually expensive.