What is a social dilemma? Provide an example of a particular kind of social dilemma, and discuss how social dilemmas can be resolved
What will be an ideal response?
Answer: A social dilemma is a conflict in which the most beneficial action for an individual will, if chosen by most people, have harmful effects for everyone. A specific example includes the "prisoner's dilemma," a laboratory game in which there are incentives for individuals to both cooperate and compete with each other. The key to resolving social dilemmas is cooperation. One way to increase cooperation in the "prisoner's dilemma" is to use the tit-for-tat strategy, in which a person at first acts cooperatively and then responds in the way that the partner did on the previous trial. Another way to increase cooperation is to allow two individuals rather than two groups to attempt to resolve the conflict, since people find it easier to trust individuals than groups.
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A fatty substance that is wrapped around the shaft of axons in the nervous system and whose function is to insulate neurons and speed up the neural impulse is called a __________
a) synaptic vesicle. b) dendrite. c) glial cell. d) myelin cell.
Megan reads a research study which shows that children who see a lot of violence on television are more likely to be aggressive on the playground. Megan thinks,
"This is obvious; I could have predicted that!" Megan's reaction to the study is probably an example of: a. internal validity. b. the hindsight bias. c. external validity. d. psychological realism.