Under the level premium method of providing life insurance protection, premiums paid during the early years are lower than what is needed to pay death claims.

A manufacturer or wholesaler, in attempting to illegally enforce vertical price fixing, may _____

a. conspire with other manufacturers to set retail prices b. utilize fair trade protection c. own its retail facilities d. refuse to sell goods to price-cutting retailers

What advantage does a variance reduction technique offer?

What will be an ideal response?