What kind of party system has been most common in Africa until recently?

According to the World Bank, how has the international community affected the changing patterns of violence and development that it identifies?

a. African states working together have increased the incidence of coups. b. International support has helped post-conflict states improve health and education. c. International cooperation and enforcement have reduced the ability of criminal networks to profit from the drug trade. d. States' limited cooperation against international drug traffickers has minimized drug-related violence in poor countries. e. Violence driven by ideological motives is on the decline..

In game theory, what is the role of promises?

a. If they can be believed, promises can lead both parties to the solution. b. Promises break the rules of game theory. c. Promises are typically part of a deception strategy. d. Paradoxically, promises in game theory can lead to the worst outcome for both players.