Which organization design has a high degree of formalization with centralized decision making and rigid hierarchical relationships?

In _______, based upon knowledge of their own costs, supplier managers add some percentage onto those costs to arrive at the market offering price

a. cost-plus pricing b. competition-based pricing c. value-based pricing d. skimming pricing

A retail ownership form that combines independent ownership and management assistance is _____

a. sole proprietorship b. franchising c. partnership d. corporation