Maruyama Okyo perfected methods to incorporate western shading and perspective into his mid-eighteenth century paintings of a more native Japanese decorative style. Who was his most famous pupil?

Musical nationalism was expressed through:

a. national anthems b. native dances c. protest songs d. victory symphonies e. all of the above

What is an ostinato?

a. solo singing accompanied by a basso continuo b. compositional style that exploits the strengths and avoids the weaknesses of particular voices and instruments c. the text of a chamber cantata, opera, or oratorio d. a musical figure, motive, melody, harmony, or rhythm that is repeated again and again e. the repetition of a musical motive at successively higher or lower degrees of the scale