The principle of natural selection proposes that certain characteristics that ________ will become more prevalent in a species

When Just and Carpenter asked participants to report the relative heights of craftsmen

brothers based on a passage they had just read, their results showed that participants were slower at providing answers when information was directly available than when it was only implied. This was because the participants a. had problems caused by too much information. b. were making inferences based on mental models. c. were generally rather unpracticed with the formal logic required by deductive reasoning. d. were unable to arrange the abstract information into a spatial model. e. confused the type of reasoning that was called for.

A social group of people viewed as competitors, enemies, or different and unworthy of respect is a(n)

a. pariah. b. in-group. c. threat-group. d. out-group. e. scapegoat.