Most students have encountered a parent or a teacher who emphasized the value of "learning for its own sake." This expression highlights the importance of:

A researcher investigating the link between stressful life events and depression has decided to use a prospective research design. This means that the researcher will have to

a. select subjects with the prospect of becoming depressed. b. select subjects with the prospect of experiencing stress. c. follow subjects over time to see if stress predicts the onset of depression. d. question subjects carefully to see if their depression has always followed some identifiable stress.

Edward Wilson argued that genes hold culture on a leash. What does that mean in terms of evolutionary scientists and their critics?

a. According to the critics of sociobiology, genes hold culture on a short and tight leash, allowing very little change in humans. b. According to evolutionary psychologists, culture can modify some of the evolved biological tendencies in humans. c. According to sociobiologists, cultural variations mean that no single, genetically determined sexual strategy exists for human beings. d. According to the critics of evolutionary psychologists, biology overrides cultural differences.