Suppose a paper mill earns $1,000,000 in profits when it pollutes a river, and it can abate pollution at a cost of $75,000. The effects of the pollution are confined to a single farmer who earns $400,000 if the water he uses from the river is clean and $300,000 if it's polluted. Suppose there is no law preventing the firm from polluting the river. Which of the following describes an efficient outcome in this case?
A. The farmer is unable to pay the owner of the mill enough to get him to stop polluting.
B. The owner of the mill pays the farmer $87,500 in compensation for its pollution.
C. The farmer pays the owner of the mill $112,500 to stop polluting.
D. The farmer pays the owner of the mill $87,500 to stop polluting.
D. The farmer pays the owner of the mill $87,500 to stop polluting.
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New York City, which has had a rent ceiling law for more than sixty years, has many abandoned apartment buildings throughout the city. Which of the following explains this?
A) Few workers with jobs in the city want to live in there because of pollution. B) No building permits for new apartment buildings have been issued for over fifty years. C) Once any building gets so old, it is abandoned. D) Landlords have no incentive to finance maintenance and remodeling of apartment buildings. E) Rent ceilings make the construction of new buildings so profitable that old buildings are simply abandoned.
If the Fed conducts an open market purchase of bonds, the
a. money supply decreases as reserves are injected into the banking system b. demand for money increases as reserves are drained from the banking system c. demand for money decreases as reserves are injected into the banking system d. money supply increases as reserves are injected into the banking system e. money supply increases as reserves are drained from the banking system