In the early part of the past century, psychologists who broke down thought processes into their basic elements and analyzed them were called structuralists. What term might we use to describe psychologists with similar interests today?

Three-week-old Alex will suck on anything that touches his lips whether it was his hand, his father's back, a cloth diaper, or a toy. This indiscriminate sucking is an example of a

a. simple reflex. c. primary circular reaction. b. circular reaction. d. secondary circular reaction.

The distinction between ________, on the one hand, and ________, on the other, is of central importance to social learning theorists

a. learning; performance b. positive reinforcement; negative reinforcement c. reinforcement; punishment d. generalization; discrimination