Biometrics refers to the biological information gathered from a human body to authenticate a user. All the following are types of biometrics except ________?

a. Fingerprint reader
b. Retina scanner
c. Personal identification card
d. Voice recognition

C. Fingerprints, retina, and voice recognition are all forms of biometric authentication. Although a personal identification card is a form of authentication, it is not a form of biometrics.