What was the term Tolman coined to refer to learning that occurs in the absence of any reinforcement?

Asthma is a chronic respiratory disease, and is characterized by airway irritability and obstruction due, in part, to allergies and irritants

Indicate whether the statement is true or false

What type of reference is illustrated by the sentences below?

I tried on the red shoes. The heels were too high. a) Necessary part b) Optional roles c) Reasons d) Consequences