What are the four types of uses a speaker can make of the inference from cause?
What will be an ideal response?
- Prediction: some causal inferences explain changes by predicting what leads to what.
- Assignment or responsibility: causal inferences can tell why something occurred.
- Explanation: causal inference can be used to explain something that doesn't make sense.
- Steps to a goal: a causal inference can relate the means to the ends, such as when the speaker knows the goal and wants to figure out the best way to get to it.
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To clarify difficult concepts, the speaker should:
a) include connectives that emphasize physical description. b) provide a graphic model of the structure or process. c) provide an organizing analogy. d) insure that clear definitions are included.
Viewing ethical failures as the result of specific people within an organization is taking a(n) _____ perspective
a. communal b. organizational c. behavioral d. individual