Sensory neurons move the muscles

A researcher has observed many four-year old girls preferring to dress in pink, wear ballerina tutus, and dancing on tip-toe. She defines these behaviors as "gender-role play"-- and theorizes that this behavior will be seen cross-culturally and that one will also find "gender-role play" in four-year old boys. She develops an inventory to measure "gender-role play" and uses it to test her hypothesis. In this case, "gender-role play"--a inferred cause of observed behaviors--is an example of _________________.

a. a hypothesis b. a psychological construct c. an operational definition d. an independent variable

Psychology gained its independence from philosophy when researchers started to examine and test human sensations and perception using ________.

A. behavioral methods B. reflection methods C. abstract methods D. scientific methods