Briefly describe the effect of toddler hood attachment quality on later development, and describe any criticisms for claims of the predictive value of early attachment
Please provide the best answer for the best statement.
1.Bowlby suggested that the attachment relationship between the infant and the primary caregiver established in the first 2 years of life shaped expectations and interactions in relationships with others throughout one’s life, such as teachers, friends, romantic partners, and one’s own future children. Because securely attached children could love and trust their primary caregiver, they in turn could offer love and could trust others. However, insecurely attached children tend to react with hostility, indifference, and emotional dependence on others in later relationships.
2.Current research is mixed as to the predictive value of early attachment quality on later development. Recent meta-analyses of 127 longitudinal studies conclude that the predictive power of toddler attachment quality weakened with time and mostly faded by late adolescence and emerging adulthood. Contemporary researchers hold that attachment quality in infancy and toddler hood establishes tendencies and expectations that may be modified by later experiences in childhood, adolescence, and beyond.
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Which of the following statements about peer sociability in collectivist versus individualistic societies is true?
A. Children in collectivist cultures spend more time in parallel play than children in individualistic cultures. B. Children in collectivist cultures spend more time in make-believe play than children in individualistic cultures. C. Children in individualistic cultures tend to play in larger groups than children in collectivist cultures. D. Children in collectivist societies generally play in large groups, which require high levels of cooperation.
Nadinne is in therapy for dissociative identity disorder. Her therapist has gathered detailed histories on all of her subpersonalities. What is the next step in her therapy?
a. Creating a safe, empathic environment b. Improving Nadinne's daily functioning c. Integrating the subpersonalities into one another d. Discussing and processing traumatic events with each subpersonality