With an interest rate of 5 percent, the present value of $100 received one year from now is approximately

Ashley is a college professor who has recently graduated with her PhD and has no kids. At her first job, the University offers her the benefit of waiving tuition for her children to go to school there. Their incentive lacks ______________ for her.

A. expectancy B. merit C. instrumentality D. valance

Which of the following is not a factor generally necessary for applying market share theory?

A) All defendants intended to cause the plaintiff harm. B) All defendants are tortfeasors. C) The allegedly harmful products are identical and share the same defective qualities. D) The plaintiff is unable, through no fault of his or her own, to identify which defendant caused his or her injury.