Define retrieval and reinforcement as strategies to encourage listener retention.
What will be an ideal response?
- A retrieval strategy is one in which a speaker asks listeners to recall information that was said previously in the presentation.
- Retrieval is a popular strategy to help students combat forgetting.
- A reinforcement strategy rewards the listener to strengthen the listener's positive attitude toward the speech.
- A speaker can reinforce listeners by smiling at them and nodding his or her head in agreement.
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Nonverbal communication that is used to emphasize some part of a verbal message is ______ it
A) to accent. B) to complement. C) to repeat. D) to contradict.
Bridget has begun to study the representation of vegetarians in entertainment magazines by doing a simple content analysis. Her study measures which of the sampled articles identify a character as a vegetarian. At this preliminary phase, the articles are coded as either identifying a vegetarian or not identifying a vegetarian. What level of data is this?
a. Interval b. Nominal c. Ordinal d. Ratio