Which of the following is an example of a product that is excludable and nonrival?

The short-run Phillips curve is ________, and the long-run Phillips curve is ________

A) downward sloping; downward sloping B) downward sloping; vertical C) vertical; downward sloping D) vertical; upward sloping E) upward sloping; vertical

Why doesn't the Fed have both a money supply target and an interest rate target?

A) The Fed does not control money demand. B) Short-term interest rates do not respond to changes in the money supply, which the Fed can control. C) The Fed cannot offset the impact of changes in cash management by the public or changes in lending policies of commercial banks on the money supply. D) Only the level of interest rates matters when we consider rates of growth in real GDP, employment, and rates of price inflation.